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[学习方法]句法

楼主#
更多 发布于:2016-12-18 13:25

 

带有so和such的感叹句

一、so 形容词

You're so kind! 你太好了!

It's so expensive! 太贵了!

That's so lovely! 太可爱了!

二、such a / an ( 形容词) 单数可数名词

He's such a nice boy! 他是个那么好的男孩子!

It's such a lovely little box! 这个小盒子太可爱了!

三、such ( 形容词) 不可数 / 复数名词

They talk such rubbish! 他们说的话真无聊!

They're such kind people! 他们那些人可真好!

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夫天地者,万物之逆旅;光阴者,百代之过客。而浮生若梦,为欢几何?
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沙发#
发布于:2016-12-18 13:28

倒装句的种类

当主语在谓语前出现时叫顺序(the natural order)。在某些情况下,我们可以把谓语成分放在主语前面,这种词序叫做倒装( the inverted order)。

倒装分两种:配合语法条例的倒装,叫“grammatical inversion”;配合强调语势的叫“emphatic inversion”。

语法上的倒装句是强制性的,包括下列 7 种:

1、疑问句,如:

Can you do it?

How old are you?

When did you know him?

Why did you elect him as captain?

Which of these apples do you prefer?

但疑问代词做主语时,不必倒置,如:

Who is your English teacher?

What happened last night?

2、表示“愿望”的句子,如:

May God bless you.

Long live the king!

3、“There”引导的句子,如:

There are many cars on the road.

There stand some big trees near the river.

There is a security guard outside the bank.

4、感叹句,如:

How beautiful the flower is!

What a smart boy you are!

5、有连接词“so, neither, nor”的句,如:

Tom can ride a bicycle; so can I.

She can't sing; neither can he.

John has never been late; nor have I.

6、省略连词“if”的条件副词分句,如:

Were I you, I would not do such a thing.

Should the machine break down again, send it back to us.

Had you worked harder, you would have passed.

7、“as, however”连接的让步副词分句,如:

Small as the pen is, it is a powerful weapon.

However busy you are, you should spend some time reading Zaobao weekly.

谈过了语法上的倒装句,现在谈强调的倒装句。

Never have I seen such a wicked man.

On no account must this employee be removed.

Not until he told me had I heard anything of it.

No sooner had I left than the rain came.

Up jumped the puppy.

In came John.

Down fell the rotten branches from the tree.

Out came a woman and her maid.

夫天地者,万物之逆旅;光阴者,百代之过客。而浮生若梦,为欢几何?
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板凳#
发布于:2016-12-18 13:31

英语中表示强调的8种方式

 为了强调英语句子中的某一成份,强调方式是多种多样的,现将它们归纳如下,以供参考。

1.用形容词“very”,“single”等表示强调

e.g.Red Army fought a battle on this very spot.

红军就在此地打过一仗。

Not a single person has been in the office this afternoon.

今天下午竟然没有一个人来过办公室。

2.用反身代词表示强调

e.g.I myself will see her off at the station.

我将亲自到车站为她送行。

You can do it well yourself.

你自己能做好这件事情。

3.用助词“do”表示强调

e.g.The baby is generally healthy,but every now and then she does catch a cold.

那孩子的健康状况尚好,但就是偶尔患感冒。

Do be quiet.I told you I had a headache.

务必安静,我告诉过你,我头疼。

4.用副词“very”,“only”,“even”,“too”等表示强调

e.g.He drank it to the very last drop.

他把它喝得一干二净。

Only in this way can we wipe out the enemy troops.

只有用这样的方法我们才能消灭敌军。

He didn't answer even my letter.

他甚至连我的信都未回。

I will too go!我要去的!

5.用“...and that”,“...and those”,“not...too much”,“否定加否定”等结构表示强调

e.g.They fulfilled the task,and that in a few days.

他们在几天内完成的就是那项任务。

I gave her some presents,and those the day before yesterday.

前天我送给她的就是那些礼物。

I can't thank you too much.我无论怎样感谢你都不过份。

I am not unfaithful to you.我对你无比忠诚。

6.用短语“in every way”,“in no way”,“by all means”,“by no means”,“only too”,“all too”,“but too”,“in heaven”,“in the world”,“in hell”,“on earth”,“under the sun”等表示强调

e.g.His behaviour was in every way perfect.

他的举止确实无可挑剔。

By all means take your son with you.

你一定要把儿子带来。

The news was only too true.

这消息确实是事实。

It was over all too soon!

此事的确了结得很快!

Where in heaven were you then?

当时你到底在哪里?

Nobody under the sun would buy that car.

确实没有人会买那辆车。

7.用倒装句表示强调

e.g.Dishonest he is!他的确不诚实!

In wine is the truth. 酒后吐真言。

8.用强调句型表示强调

e.g.It was the headmaster who opened the door for me.

正是校长为我开的门。

It was yesterday that we carried out that experiment.

就是在昨天我们做了那个实验。

夫天地者,万物之逆旅;光阴者,百代之过客。而浮生若梦,为欢几何?
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地板#
发布于:2016-12-18 13:32

反义疑问句的回答及特殊情况

对反意疑问句的回答,无论问题的提法如何,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no。要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构,反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时,回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”,no要译成“是”。

例:—He likes playing football, doesn't he? 他喜欢踢足球,是吗?

—Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't. 是的。/ 不是。

—His sister didn't attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议,是吗?

—Yes, she did. / No, she didn't. 不,她参加了。/ 是的,她没参加。

简要总结反意疑问句19条:

1) 陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用 aren't I.

I'm as tall as your sister,aren't I?

2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语。

I wish to have a word with you, may I?

3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。

The Swede made no answer, did he / she?

Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?

4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。

He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?

5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。

We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?

6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。

He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?

7) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?

You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?

8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。

He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?

9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。

You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?

10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。

He must be a doctor, isn't he?

You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?

He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?

11) 感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语。

What colours, aren't they?

What a smell, isn't it?

12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。

Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?

13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。

Everything is ready, isn't it?

14)陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分有三种情况:

a. 并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。

Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?

b. 带有定语从句宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定:

He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?

He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?

c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。

I don't think he is bright, is he?

We believe she can do it better, can't she?

15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等,疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he。

Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)

Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)

16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。

We need not do it again, need we ?

He dare not say so, dare you?

当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。

She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?

17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will you。

Don't do that again, will you?

Go with me, will you / won't you ?

注意: Let's 开头的祈使句,后用shall we?

Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you?

Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?

Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?

18) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。

There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?

There will not be any trouble, will there?

19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。

It is impossible, isn't it?

He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?

夫天地者,万物之逆旅;光阴者,百代之过客。而浮生若梦,为欢几何?
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4楼#
发布于:2016-12-26 22:04
sclbzx:英语中表示强调的8种方式


 为了强调英语句子中的某一成份,强调方式是多种多样的,现将它们归纳如下,以供参考。
1.用形容词“very”,“single”等表示强调
e.g.Red Army fought a battle on...
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真爱你啊 这些素材好好啊啊啊啊啊
songyanzhanggcw
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5楼#
发布于:2016-12-26 22:05
sclbzx:反义疑问句的回答及特殊情况

对反意疑问句的回答,无论问题的提法如何,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no。要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构,反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时,回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的y...
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哦 我爱反义疑问句 你的素材都好有用啊
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6楼#
发布于:2016-12-26 22:07
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