[学习方法]初中英语语法大全：直接引语和间接引语

1定义：直接引语和间接引语：在陈述句中,直接引用说话人原来的语句,称为直接引语。在书写时,直接引语用引号。用自己的词语来转述表达原来说话人说的内容,称为间接引语。
2、直接引语改变为间接引语：                            
直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时应注意以下各点：  
①不用引号,而用连接词that,但有时可省略。
②人称作相应变化；
如：She said, “I went to see Mr. Liu yesterday.” 她说：“我昨天去看过刘老师了。”
She said that she had gone to see Mr. Liu the day before. 她说那天她去看过刘老师了。
③时态的变化列表如下：

直接引语	间接引语
一般现在时： “I am very glad to visit your workshop,” she said. “我很高兴参观你们的车间。”她说。	一般过去时： She said that she was very glad to visit our workshop. 她说她很高兴参观我们的车间。
正在进行时： “I am checking your homework now,”his mother said. “我现在正在检查你的作业，”他母亲说。	过去进行时： His mother said that she was checking his homework then. 他母亲说她当时正在检查他的作业。
现在完成时： “Have you handed in the money for the tickets?”the monitor asked. “你交票款了吗？”班长问。	过去完成时： The monitor asked me if I had handed in the money for the tickets. 班长问我是否交票款了。
一般过去时： She said, “My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday.” 她说，“我母亲昨天带我去看了展览。”	过去完成时： She said that her mother had taken her to an exhibition the day before. 她说她母亲前一天带她去看了展览。

 
但是，要注意下面的情况：直接引语说的是科学真理、格言时，无论主句用何时态，间接引语仍用一般时。如：
The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”老师说：“太阳在东方升起，在西边落下。”
The teacher said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.