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1. 过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在"过去的过去"。如： When I woke up, it had stopped raining. 我醒来时，雨已经停了。（主句的动作发生在"过去的过去"） 2. 过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是"过去的过去"，只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它。如： He told me that he had written a new book. (had written 发生在 told 之前 ) 3. 过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用，它不能离开过去时间而独立存在。此时多与 already ， yet ， still ， just ， before ， never 等时间副词及 by ， before ， until 等引导的短语或从句连用。 如：Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years. Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten. 4. 过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。 如： By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years. （ had worked 已有了 20 年，还有继续进行下去的可能） |
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沙发#
发布于：2016-02-18 10:51
过去完成时的构成
The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时的构成 过去完成时由"助动词had (通用于各种人称和数)＋过去分词"构成。主要表示过去某时前已发生的动作或情况（也可说是"过去的过去"）： By the time I got there, it had already finished. When I got to the check-out, I realized I had left my purse at home. He said he had never seen such an exciting match before. 注：如果时间状语从句的动作发生在前，则从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时。 When he had finished his work , he left his office . After I had done my homework , I went to bed. 陈述句 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. 在他们到达旅馆之前，他们已经吃早饭了。 从句中"arrived at"到达在"过去"的时间，而"had already had"吃早饭的动作发生在到达之前，因此主句的时态为"过去的过去"。 I had finished writing my composition by 10:00 this morning. 今天上午10：00点以前，我已经写完了我的作文。 She had searched the internet for two hours when she found an ad for the Canon digital camera. 当她找到了佳能数码照相机的广告时，她已经在因特网上查询了两个小时。 I went over what I had written again and again so that I wouldn't make any mistakes. 我一遍又一遍地检查了我所写的内容，以至我没有出现任何错误。 否定句 He remembered he hadn't paid for it yet. 他记得他还没有付账。 He said that he had never seen such a beautiful bird before. 他说他以前从来没有看过这样美丽的鸟。 疑问句 How many English films had you seen by the end of last term? 到上学期期末为止，你们看了多少部英文片？ Had you reached the station before ten o'clock? 十点以前，你们已经到达火车站了吗？ |
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